An arrangement of photovoltaic cells or material mounted on a rigid flat surface with the cells exposed freely to incoming sunlight.

A factor that lowers the photovoltaic module current to account for field operating conditions such as dirt accumulation on the module.

The smallest environmentally protected, essentially planar assembly of solar cells and ancillary parts, such as interconnections, terminals, [and protective devices such as diodes] intended to generate direct current power under unconcentrated sunlight.

The structural (load carrying) member of a module can either be the top layer (superstrate) or the back layer (substrate).

The current output of a photovoltaic module measured at standard test conditions of 1,000 w/m2 and 25 degrees Celsius cell temperature.

A photovoltaic module constructed with sequential layers of thin film semiconductor materials.