Symbiosis in which members of one species exist at the expense of members of another species: Parasitism is the condition of one organism benefiting from another, and the other being harmed, but usually not involving their deaths.

Parasitism in which a queen of one species enters an alien nest, usually belonging to another species, kills or renders the resident queen infertile, and takes her place: In a temporary social parasitism, the population of the colony then becomes increasingly dominated by the offspring of the parasite queen as the host workers die from natural causes.

The intrusion of one species into the social system of another: An example of trophic parasitism is when a foreign species utilizes the trail system) in order to steal food.