Anatomy and Related Anatomical Terms
(the structure of organisms from the smallest components of cells to the biggest organs and their relationships to other organs especially of the human body)
Diseases affect the anatomy and changes in the anatomical structure can cause diseases.
The abdomen is separated from the thorax by the diaphragm, a sheet of muscular tissue while the thorax is the part of the human body between the neck and abdomen, enclosed by the ribs and containing the heart and lungs.
Acetylcholine is largely associated with the transmission of impulses across the synapse (junction) between the nerve and muscle cells, causing the muscles to contract.
A change in potential (from about -60 to +45 millivolts) accompanies the passage of sodium and potassium ions across the membrane.
The adenoids are part of a child's natural defenses against the entry of germs but they usually shrink and disappear by the age of ten.
2. Connective tissue that serves as an energy reserve and also pads some organs.
It is normally called "fat tissue" and consists of large spherical cells filled with fat. Major layers are in the inner layer of the skin and around the kidneys and heart.
- The cortex (outer part) secretes various steroid hormones and other hormones that control salt and water metabolism and regulate the use of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
- The medulla (inner part) secretes the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline which, during times of stress, prepare the body for "fight or flight".
Adrenaline is synthesized from a closely related substance, noradrenaline, and the two hormones are released into the bloodstream in situations of fear or stress.
2. A tube adapted for digestion, through which food passes.
It is a complex organ, consisting of the mouth cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the small and large intestines.
It is found in saliva (as ptyalin) and in pancreatic juices.